Learn about Lachit Borphukan, the legendary hero of Assam, in this detailed essay in English. Discover how his leadership and bravery in the Battle of Saraighat have made him a symbol of resistance and inspiration for generations. Explore his legacy and the impact of his example in the modern world.
Assam, a state in northeastern India, has a long and rich history of struggle against invaders. One of the greatest heroes in Assam’s history is Lachit Borphukan, a brave and brilliant military commander who played a pivotal role in defending Assam against the Mughal Empire in the 17th century. Despite his immense contributions to Assam’s history, Lachit Borphukan remains largely unknown outside of Assam. In this essay, we will explore the life, achievements, and legacy of Lachit Borphukan, and examine his enduring relevance in modern times.
Lachit Borphukan: The Hero of Assam
Introduction
Lachit Borphukan was born in 1622 in the Ahom kingdom, which ruled over Assam from the 13th to the 18th century. He belonged to the Borphukan clan, which held an important position in the Ahom administration. From an early age, Lachit Borphukan displayed a talent for military strategy and leadership. He rose through the ranks of the Ahom army, and was eventually appointed as the commander-in-chief (Borphukan) of the Ahom forces.
Early Life and Career of Lachit Borphukan
Lachit Borphukan was born into a family of warriors and administrators. His father, Momai Tamuli Borbarua, was a distinguished military commander who had fought in several wars for the Ahom kingdom. Lachit Borphukan inherited his father’s military skills and passion for defending Assam against invaders.
Lachit Borphukan’s military career began in the 1640s, when he was appointed as a commander in the Ahom army. He quickly gained a reputation for his bravery, skill, and leadership. He fought in several battles against the neighboring kingdoms of Bengal and Bhutan, and earned the respect of his peers and superiors.
Battle of Saraighat
The most famous battle in Lachit Borphukan’s career was the Battle of Saraighat, which took place in 1671. The Mughal Empire, which had already conquered most of northern India, had set its sights on Assam, which was known for its rich natural resources and strategic location. The Mughal emperor Aurangzeb sent a large army, led by his general Raja Ram Singh, to invade Assam.
Lachit Borphukan, who was then in his 50s, was appointed as the commander-in-chief of the Ahom army. He quickly set about preparing for the impending invasion. He recruited soldiers from all over Assam, including tribal communities who had never before fought for the Ahom kingdom. He also strengthened the fortifications along the Brahmaputra River, which was the main route for the Mughal army.
The Battle of Saraighat began in March 1671, when the Mughal army arrived at the Brahmaputra River. The Mughal forces consisted of around 30,000 soldiers, including a large contingent of cavalry and artillery. The Ahom army, on the other hand, had around 10,000 soldiers, mostly infantry and archers.
Lachit Borphukan knew that he could not match the Mughal forces in terms of numbers or firepower. He therefore decided to use his superior knowledge of the terrain and the river to his advantage. He set up his defenses along the narrow channel of the Brahmaputra River, where the Mughal ships would have to pass through.
The Mughal army launched several attacks on the Ahom defenses, but they were repelled each time by Lachit Borphukan and his troops. Lachit Borphukan was a master of guerrilla warfare, and he employed several ingenious tactics to deceive and confuse the Mughal forces. He used small boats to ferry soldiers across the river, and attacked the Mughal ships with fire boats and explosive devices. He also used his knowledge of the river’s currents and tides to trap and sink the Mughal ships.
Despite the odds against him, Lachit Borphukan remained steadfast and determined. He famously declared, “I shall not give up my country to the Mughals, even if I have to sacrifice my life for it.” His leadership and bravery inspired his troops, and they fought with renewed vigor.
After several weeks of intense fighting, the Mughal forces began to weaken. They suffered heavy losses from the Ahom archers and the difficult terrain, and were plagued by disease and food shortages. Raja Ram Singh himself fell ill, and was forced to retreat to Bengal. The Battle of Saraighat was a decisive victory for the Ahom army, and a turning point in Assam’s history.
Legacy of Lachit Borphukan
Lachit Borphukan’s leadership and bravery in the Battle of Saraighat have made him a legendary figure in Assam’s history. He is revered as a hero and a symbol of Assamese pride and patriotism. His legacy has been celebrated in various forms, including literature, music, and public memorials.
The most famous tribute to Lachit Borphukan is the Lachit Borphukan Award, which is presented annually by the Assam government to individuals who have made outstanding contributions to the state in various fields. There are also several statues and memorials dedicated to Lachit Borphukan, including a grand statue on the Brahmaputra River in Guwahati, the capital of Assam.
Lachit Borphukan’s legacy extends beyond Assam and India. He is considered a symbol of resistance and bravery against colonialism and imperialism, and has inspired many movements for freedom and independence around the world.
Conclusion
Lachit Borphukan was a true hero of Assam, and a shining example of leadership, bravery, and patriotism. His achievements in the Battle of Saraighat have earned him a place in Indian history and in the hearts of the people of Assam. His legacy serves as an inspiration to all those who seek to defend their country and their people against oppression and injustice.
In modern times, Lachit Borphukan’s relevance is as strong as ever. His example of leadership and courage is especially relevant in a world that is facing new and complex challenges. Lachit Borphukan’s legacy is a reminder that the values of courage, determination, and sacrifice are essential for any society that seeks to defend its freedom and dignity. We can all learn from the life and achievements of Lachit Borphukan, and strive to emulate his example in our own lives.
FAQs:
Who was Lachit Borphukan?
Lachit Borphukan was a legendary military commander of the Ahom Kingdom in Assam, India. He is known for his leadership and bravery in the Battle of Saraighat, where he led the Ahom forces to victory against the Mughal army.
What was the Battle of Saraighat?
The Battle of Saraighat was fought in 1671 between the Mughal Empire and the Ahom Kingdom on the Brahmaputra River in Assam, India. The Mughal forces, led by Raja Ram Singh, were repelled by the Ahom forces led by Lachit Borphukan.
Why is Lachit Borphukan considered a hero in Assam?
Lachit Borphukan is considered a hero in Assam because of his leadership and bravery in defending the kingdom against the Mughal invaders. His example has become a symbol of Assamese pride and patriotism, and his legacy has been celebrated in various forms, including literature, music, and public memorials.
What was Lachit Borphukan’s strategy in the Battle of Saraighat?
Lachit Borphukan employed several ingenious tactics to deceive and confuse the Mughal forces. He used small boats to ferry soldiers across the river, and attacked the Mughal ships with fire boats and explosive devices. He also used his knowledge of the river’s currents and tides to trap and sink the Mughal ships.
What is Lachit Borphukan’s legacy?
Lachit Borphukan’s legacy extends beyond Assam and India. He is considered a symbol of resistance and bravery against colonialism and imperialism, and has inspired many movements for freedom and independence around the world. His legacy serves as an inspiration to all those who seek to defend their country and their people against oppression and injustice.